Carbureter.



E. A. JOHNSTON & C. l. LONGENECKER.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.29| 19H.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ChccrLesZorz o sneaker EDWARD A. JOHNSTON AND CHARLES I. LON GENECKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

ASSIGNORS, ZBY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF NEW TO INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER JERSEY.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

Application filed April 29, 1911. Serial No. 623,998.

y are used in connection with internal combustron engines, andis designed in particular for use in connection with either light or' relatively heavier hydrocarbon oils of a greater or less volatile nature as combustible elements, and consists in means for control ling the admission of either liquid separately, by both manually operable and automatic charge throttling mechanism, and also means for admitting regulated quantities of water as a constituent element of the gaseous mixture, the object of our invention being to provide a mechanism simple in construction,

readily adjusted to meet the varying conditions to which this class of inventions is subjected, and efficient in operation. We attain these objects by means of the mechanism illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an end elevation of part of. an engine cylinder having our improved carbureter connected therewith; F ig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of part of the cylinder, and a vertical sectional view of the carbureter mechanism; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of part of Fig. 2 along line A B; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional detail of part of Fig. 3 along line DE; Fig. 5 is a cross section of part of Fig. 1 along line C- D; Fig. 6 is a detached detail of part of the charge throttling mechanism; Fig. 7 is a detail of one of the throttling valves; Fig. 8 is a detail of part of the charge throttling mechanism; Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional 12, to which is lnder, the cage being secured to the cylinder by means of stud bolts 5.

6 represents an intake valve of the mush-.

room'type, having its seat at the inner end of the cage and provided with a stem 7 that is slidably received by a vertically arranged sleeve 8 integral with the cage and projectmg beyond its upper wall.

9 represents a coiled compression spring that in this instance surrounds the projecting end of the sleeve and the valve stem and operative between the wall of the cage and a pressure adjusting nut 10 at the upper end of the valve stem in a well-known manner to control the movement of the valve.

The valve cage includes a laterally turned portion 11 at its outer end that is provided with a vertically arranged flange member secured the lower laterally turned end of a mixing chamber 13, that includes a vertically arranged portion 14. Surrounding the vertical portionfll is an annular chamber 15, that is divided into three separate receptacles by means of vertical partition walls 16, that are provided -with laterally projecting shelf portions 17.

the series of receptacles designated as 23, and 24 represents a pipe designed to connect the float feed cup with a source of gasolene supply, including a small tank 24 that is preferably attached to an extension 25 of the air admission conduit.

'26 represents a common form of needle valve designed to be operated manually for the purpose of controlling the admission of gasolene to the mixing-chamber from the receptacle 23. e f

27 represents a pipe having one end communicatingwith one of the receptacles designed to receive a quantity of heavy oil when desired for the regular operation of the engine and designated by the reference .cup, having a pipe connection 22 with one of i character 28, and the opposite end of the pipe may be connected with a pump mechanism (not shown), and operative to provide a continuous flow of oil to the receptacle from any source of supply, and 29 represents an overflow pipe leading from the receptacle back to the source of oil supply, whereby a constant level of oil is maintained in the receptacle.

30 represents a needle valve like valve 26, and operative to control the admission of heavy oil to the carbureting chamber in a like manner.

The third receptacle of chamber 15 is designated by reference character 31, and is designed to hold a quantity of water, the water being conducted from any preferred source of supply by means of a pipe 32, and 33 represents an overflow pipe leading from the receptacle whereby a constant level of water is maintained therein. A needle valve 34, like valves 26 and 30, is operative to control the admission of water to the mixing chamber. The needle valves are all arranged in the same horizontal plane, and the overflow pipe from the receptacle for water leads from a level below that of the level of the overflow pipe leading from the receptacle for heavy oil, as shown in Fig 4. The flow of liquid from the several receptacles through the feed nozzles controlled by means of the manually operative needle valves is 4 provided for by means of vertically arranged conduits leading from the nozzles toward the bottom of the receptacles, as designated by reference character a on Figs. 2 and 5 of the drawing. 4

35 represents a common form of butterfly valve having a centrally arranged stem 36 that is pivotally mounted in opposite walls of the air conduit 18, and provided at one end with a lever arm 37; the valve being operative to control the admission of air to the carbureting chamber. 38 represents a valve of the same type, having a stem 39 pivotally mounted in opposite walls of the laterally arranged portion 11 of valve cage 4, and having oppositely disposed lever arms 40 secured to one end thereof.

41 represents a connecting rod having its opposite ends pivotallyconnected with arm 37 and one of the arms 40, the rod including a threaded portion 42 that is adjustably received by a sleeve portion 43 forming part of a connecting yoke 44. The valve 38 is operative to throttle the passage for combustible mixture leading from the carbureting chamber to the intake valve,-and 45 represents a link having one end pivotally connected with the other arm 40, and the opposite end of the link may be connected with a governor mechanism forming part of the equipment of the engine.

In the operation of our invention, when starting the engine with the combustion and carbureting chamber cold, it is desirable to use a light hydrocarbon, such as gasolene, for a limited time until the chambers become sufiiciently heated by the burned gases to properly vaporize the-heavier oils, such as kerosene or crude petroleum, and for that purpose gasolene is allowed to flow from the tank 24 through the float feed cup 21 to the gasolene receptacle 23, from which it is drawn by the suction stroke of the engine in a common way through the nozzle of the hand controlled needle valve mechanism, the feed nozzle of the latter being raised slightly above the level of the fluid in the receptacle. When the combustion and carbureting'chambers have become heated sufficient to vaporize the heavier oil the needle valve controlling the supply of gasolene is closed and the one controlling the admission of'heavier oil opened, and as it is desirable that water be admitted to form a part of the combustible mixture when kerosene or crude oil is used,

for the purpose of preventing preignition under high compression of the charge, a regulated quantity is admitted by opening the needle valve more or less that controls its admission.

The speed of the engine is governed by means of the throttling valve 38 closing more or less of the passage leading from the carbureting chamber to the intake valve in a manner to regulate the volume of combustible mixture drawn into. the cylinder during the suction stroke of the engine. The mixture throttling valve and the valve controlling the admission of air to the carbureting chamber being connected with each other in a manner to move; in unison, both are controlled by the engine governor, and the degree of vacuum in the carbureting chamber depends upon the movement of the air throttling valve, the movement thereof being controlled by the load upon the engine, and consequent degree of vacuum in the cylinder as the charge is drawn through the port controlled by the intake valve. When the engine is running under full load and a maximum amount of.f uel is required, it is desirable'that more water be admitted to the carbureting chamber, and as the load is reduced within certain limitsthe supply of water is gradually reduced in-proportion to the fuel admitted and both are controlled by the degree of vacuum in the carbureting chamber. When the engine is under a com paratively light, or no load, it is desirable that'little or no water he admitted, as the mixture would otherwise become too 'much carbon and water supplies,

feed nozzles at the same level the degree of vacuum in the carbureting chamber is not suflicient to draw water from its feed nozzle when the engine is running under lighter load conditions. a

at we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A carburter for internal combustion engines including, in combination, a carbureting chamber, a mixture conduit leading from said chamber, an air conduit leading into said chamber, a series of three receptacles surrounding said chamber and having manually operative valves controlling acommunication between said receptacles and said chamber, said receptacles communicating, respectively, with sources of gasolene or other light hydrocarbon, heavy hydrocarbon and water supplies, and valves operating simultaneously-to control the degree of vacuum in said chamber and thereby the quantity of fuel and water drawn from said receptacles, the level of water in relation to the feed valve therefor being such' that no water is admitted when the load upon the engine falls below a predetermined limit, said valves also operating in a manner to control the flow of mixture from said chamber, one of said valves being located in advance of said manually controlled valves.

2. A carbureter for internal combustion engines having, in. combination, a carbureting chamber, a mixture conduit leading from said chamber, an air conduit leading into said chamber, a series of three receptacles surrounding said chamber and communicating, respectively, with sources of gasolene or other light hydrocarbon, heavy hydromanually operative valves controlling the communication between said receptacles and said chamber, respectively, the level of water in said water receptacle in relation to thefeed valve therefor being such. that no water is admitted when the load upon the engine falls below a predetermined limit, a mixture throttling valve pivotally mounted in the'walls of said mixture conduit, an air throttling vacuum controlling valve pivotally mounted in said air conduit in advance of said manually operative valves, and means for operating said valves simultaneously, said means including lever arms secured to said valves, and a connecting rod longitudinally adjustable as to lengt and having the opposite arate receptacles for the reception of gasolene or other light hydrocarbon, heavy hydrocarbon and water, respectively, manually operative valves controlling the communication between said receptacles and said carbureting chamber, respectively, and having the feed noz'zle s thereof projecting into said carbureting chamber and concentrically arranged in the same horizontal plane and operative to control a flow of liquid from said receptacles to said carbureting chamber, and means for controlling the level of fluid in said receptacles, the level of water bein maintained in a lower plane than that of the, heavy hydrocarbon in relation to their respective controlling feed values, whereby no water is admitted when the load upon thev engine falls below a predetermined'level.

4. A carbureter for internal combustion engines including, in combination, a car-. bureting chamber, an air conduit leading to and a mixture conduit leading from said chamber, three receptacles around said chamber having controlled communication therewith, said receptacle communicating, respectively, with sources of light hydrocarbon, heavy hydrocarbon and water supplies, and valves operating simultaneously to control the degree of vacuum in said chamber and thereby the quantity of hydrocarbon and water drawn from said receptacles, the water control being such that no water is admitted to. said chamber when the engine load is below a predetermined limit, said valves also operating to control the flow of mixture from said chamber.

EDWARD A. JOHNSTON. CHARLES I. LONGENECKER.

Witnesses: 1

L. J. FORSTER, H. B. MORROW. 

